Spell creation works with a couple of steps;
You bring together the Arcane symbols that are meant to be composed within your soon-to-be-created spell circle, you add in the 'Binding Factor'—which could be unique or it could be a copy of someone else's as Caius had been trying to do when he wasn't having success discovering his own—and then you 'force' them to cooperate.
The steps are simple enough. It's the execution that's incredibly difficult, especially if you're working with components that are violently against mixing together.
In the days he had spent researching the Arcane Codex in preparation for spell creation, Caius had picked out multiple Arcane symbols and gauged how well they could work together. The problem was that there was no way to actually know if his gauges and analysis were accurate until it came to the point of trying for a mix. He was discovering now that he had been way off.