Sensory overload was when one or more of a person's senses were overwhelmed. It was like the feeling of being unable to think because the music was too loud, or being unable to focus because the weather was too hot, or being unable to look at something because you had eaten something too spicy.
That was an example of overload if only one sense was overwhelmed, but it was entirely possible for multiple senses to be overwhelmed together. Ever since he started cultivating, Lex had gained even more senses, but sensory overload had never been a problem because his spirit, or mental faculties, had grown proportionally.